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Compare Christmas Island (2007) - Tokelau (2006)
Compare Christmas Island (2007) z Tokelau (2006)
| Christmas Island (2007) | Tokelau (2006) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
0-14 years: 42%
15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2006 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA | coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish |
| Airports | 1 (2007) | - |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
- |
| Area | total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 10 sq km
land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC | about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. |
| Birth rate | NA | NA |
| Budget | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA |
revenues: $430,800
expenditures: $2.8 million; including capital expenditures of NA (1987 est.) |
| Capital | name: The Settlement
geographic coordinates: 10 25 S, 105 43 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
none; each atoll has its own administrative center
time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Climate | tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds | tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November) |
| Coastline | 138.9 km | 101 km |
| Constitution | Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 | administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tokelau |
| Death rate | NA | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | - | $0 |
| Dependency status | non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self-governance, in February 2006, did not produce the two thirds majority vote necessary for changing the current political status |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | about $4 million annually from New Zealand |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993, but closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, expected to begin operations in the near future. | Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production | - | NA kWh |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining | very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
Polynesian |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002) | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006)
head of government: Kolouei O'BRIEN (2006); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term |
| Exports | $NA | $0 f.o.b. (2002) |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | stamps, copra, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ (2006) | New Zealand (2004) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes | the flag of New Zealand is used |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 9 00 S, 172 00 W |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level |
| Imports | $NA | $969,200 c.i.f. (2002) |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | foodstuffs, building materials, fuel |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia (2006) | New Zealand (2004) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | NA% |
| International organization participation | none | PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU |
| Irrigated land | NA | NA |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau |
| Labor force | NA | 440 |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005) |
arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005) |
| Languages | English (official), Chinese, Malay | Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | New Zealand and local statutes |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 20 October 2007 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral General Fono (21 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Nukunonu has 6 seats, Fakaofo has 7 seats, Atafu has 8 seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono
elections: last held January 2005 (next to be held January 2008) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | NA | NA |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $66.72 million |
| National holiday | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
noun: Tokelauan(s)
adjective: Tokelauan |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | lies in Pacific typhoon belt |
| Natural resources | phosphate, beaches | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | NA | NA |
| Political parties and leaders | none | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
| Population | 1,402 (July 2006 est.) (July 2007 est.) | 1,392 (July 2006 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0% (2007 est.) | -0.01% (2006 est.) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006) | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: 1 radio station provides service to all islands (2002) |
| Religions | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) | Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant |
| Sex ratio | NA | NA |
| Suffrage | - | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005) |
general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system;
domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 300 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 0 (2001) |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006) | - |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons |
| Total fertility rate | NA | NA |
| Unemployment rate | - | NA% |
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